Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome pathology britannica. Significant differences between adrenal cortical hemorrhage and the shwartzman phenomenon are described. The syndrome also has been associated with other bacterial pathogens, including streptococcus pneumoniae, group a betahemolytic streptococci, neisseria gonorrhoeae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae group b, salmonella choleraesuis, pasteurella. First reported as an entity by waterhouse in 1911, the syndrome received its present title following friderichsen s report in 1918 of a similar case with a fulminating course. It is usually caused by severe meningococcal infection or other severe, bacterial infection. The onset of the illness is nonspecific with fever, rigors, vomiting, and headache.
Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome waterhousefriderichsen. One is stunned by the rapid and usually fatal progression of this clinical picture. See actions taken by the people who manage and post content. Waterhouse in 1911 as a case of suprarenal apoplexy 1 and by c. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome wfs is defined as adrenal gland failure due to bleeding. Staphylococcus aureus sepsis and the waterhousefriderichsen syndrome in children. Alguns pacientes podem ter inicio subito ou unilateral. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome radiology reference. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome definition of waterhouse. Acute adrenal insufficiency related to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage although historically bilateral adrenal hemorrhage is associated with meningococcemia in children waterhouse friderichsen. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome, also known as hemorrhagic adrenalitis, is a condition that describes acute adrenal failure, caused by hemorrhage within the adrenal glands after a severe bacterial infection, in particular meningococcal disease. Causes the adrenal glands are two triangleshaped glands.
First described in 1894 by arthur francis voelcker 18611946 and in 1901 by the british dermatologist ernest gordon graham little 18671950. Adrenal gland and paraganglia waterhouse friderichsen syndrome more common in children, particularly before age 2 years usually bilateral. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome by neisseria meningitidis in a. It is characterized by an altered perception of re a l i t y, emotional disturbances, and crises of panic and anxiety with somatization. Most patients with this condition are children, although adults may rarely be affected. Fatal purpura fulminans and waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. Amerasinghe, a prominent professor and expert in the field of international litigation, warned.
Muerte subita por sepsis meningococica scielo espana. Facebook is showing information to help you better understand the purpose of a page. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome, a rare type of septicemia blood poisoning of rapid and severe onset, marked by fever, collapse and sometimes coma, hemorrhage from skin and mucous membranes, and severe bilateral hemorrhage of the adrenal cortical tissue. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome wfs is a group of symptoms resulting from the failure of the adrenal glands to function normally as a result of bleeding into the gland. Dostoevsky and stendhals syndrome edson jose amancio1 abstract stendhals syndrome occurs among travelers when they encounter a work of art of great beaut y. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome also known as purpura fulminans 9 or hemorrhagic adrenalitis 10 is characterized by adrenal insufficiency that results from atraumatic adrenal hemorrhage in consequence of septicemia. The importance of the postmortem interval for the diagnosis of. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome information mount sinai. Lapoplessia surrenalica, conosciuta anche come sindrome di waterhousefriderichsen wfs o purpura fulminans, e descritta come una necrosi emorragica. Autopsy, forensic microbiology, waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. Feb 04, 2016 waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is most often associated with meningococcal disease accounts for 80% of cases. Pathology outlines waterhousefriderichsen syndrome.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. This case on autopsy showed massive bilateral hemorrhage into the adrenal glands. Pdf fatal pneumococcal sepsis with waterhousefriderichsen. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome as a result of non. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome is adrenal gland failure due to bleeding into the adrenal gland. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome synonyms, waterhouse friderichsen syndrome pronunciation, waterhouse friderichsen syndrome translation, english dictionary definition. Symptoms include acute adrenal gland insufficiency, and profound shock. Adrenal hemorrhage observed during sepsis, as in the waterhouse friderichsen syndrome, may be attributable to endotoxemia occurring during or shortly after stimulation of the adrenal cortex by infection. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. Des dahir, sensacio dopressio toracica i dispnea suspirosa.
The waterhousefriderichsen syndrome was described by the british physician r. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is seen most frequently in patients with asplenia, and. When caused by neisseria meningitidis, wfs is considered the most severe form of meningococcal sepsis. It is usually caused by severe meningococcal infection or. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome genetic and rare diseases. Massive adrenal haemorrhage waterhousefriderichsen syndrome 1 is an uncommon, but usually fatal, consequence of overwhelming sepsis. Meningococcemia is a lifethreatening infection that occurs when the bacteria neisseria meningitidis invades the blood stream. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome can be caused by a number of different organisms see below.
The condition is most frequently seen in children younger than 10 years old. The waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is a clinical entity first described in 1911 by waterhouse 1 in an eightmonthold child. Pdf we report a case of waterhousefriderichsen syndrome associated with. A apresentacao clinica mais comum e como uma massa abdominal secundaria a hematocolpo, dor e dismenorreia. In the uk, it is most frequently seen as a result of meningococcal infection, 2 and at necropsy often leads to a presumptive diagnosis of meningococcal septicaemia. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is typically caused by neisseria meningitidis, but has been reported in sepsis from streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus.